hybridisation picture

Illustration: Methane - CH 4 In methane, the carbon atom undergoes sp 3 hybridisation and forms four sp 3 hybridised orbitals. Each of the hybrid sp 3 orbitals of carbon overlaps axially with half filled '1s' orbital of hydrogen atom forming four sigma bonds. The four sp 3 ..

Hybridisation is the phenomenon of redistribution of energies of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to give a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies. The new orbitals are called hybrid or hybridised orbitals. The number of hybridized orbitals formed is equal t..

Hybridisation is the technique of introducing characters of two desirable plants into a single offspring (hybrid) by means of artificial pollination. This involves crossing of genetically dissimilar plant..

Only the valence shell orbitals of the atom are hybridised. Orbitals undergoing hybridisation should have only a small difference in their energies. It is not necessary that only half filled orbitals participate in hybridisation. Even filled orbitals of the val..

In this type of hybridisation one '2s' and one '2p x ' orbitals get hybridised to form two equivalent orbitals called 'sp' hybrid orbitals. The remaining 2p y and 2p z do not take part in hybridisation. The two unhybridised orbitals are directed along the 'y' and 'z..

Fig: 6.11- Orbital picture of ethyn..

It is known that members belonging to closely related species do not interbreed and even if they do so they do not produce fertile young. However, very rarely, fertile offspring may result from the interbreeding of two closely related species. In such cases, the resulting offspring represents a ne..

In this type of hybridisation one '2s' and two 'p' orbitals (2px and 2py) get hybridised to form three equivalent orbitals called 'sp 2 ' hybrid orbitals. Each hybrid orbital has one third 's' character and two third 'p' character. The bond angle between the two hybri..

Illustration: Ethyne - C 2 H 2 In the formation of ethyne both the carbon atoms undergo 'sp' hybridisation leaving two unhybridised orbitals on each (2p y and 2p z ). One 'sp' hybrid orbital of one carbon atom overlaps axially with the 'sp' hybrid orbital of the other carbon atom to f..

Hybridisation is the phenomenon of redistribution of energies of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to give a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies. The new orbitals are called hybrid or hybridised orbitals. The number of hybridized orbitals formed is e..