hybridization of b

.such orbitals are called sp 3 hybrid orbitals . The important characteristics of hybridisation are listed below: (i) The number of hybridized orbitals formed is equal to the number of orbitals that get hybridized. (ii) The hybridized orbitals are always equivalen..

Commercial Utility of Hybridization - Hybridization is mainly utilized to evolve new hybrids having beneficial heterosis improve / incorporate a specific desirable character so that such progenies are used in further breeding process and desirable improvement can be br..

Beryllium (Be) and Boron (B) form covalent compounds because of their high ionization energies and this can be explained on the basis of hybridisatio..

Hybridization in Elements of Third Period Involving d-Orbitals - The elements of the third period contain d-orbitals also in addition to s- and p-orbitals. The 3d-orbitals are comparable in energy to the 3s- and 3p-orbitals. These d-orbitals are also involved in the hybridization..

sp 3 d 3 Hybridization - This involves the mixing of one s three p and three d-orbitals forming seven sp 3 d 3 hybrid orbitals having pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. The geometry of IF 7 molecule can be explained on the basis of sp 3 d 3 Hybridization..

(i) In pentahalides the P undergoes sp 3 d hybridization and have trigonal bipyramidal geometry. (ii) The pentahalides are thermally less stable than the trihalides. For e.g., PCl 5 , exists as molecules in the gas phase but exist as [PCl 5 ] + [PCl 6 ] - in the crystalline state. PBr 5..

Filial Generations - The offsprings of a hybrid is called filial generation. The first filial generation after hybridization is called F 1 . The seeds obtained from F 1 hybrid could be used to grow second filial generation (F 2 ) hybrid. The generations could..

In the octahedral structure the central metal atom uses inner (n -1) d - orbitals or outer (n)d-orbitals for hybridization. This results in Inner orbital complex - involving (n-1)d orbitals for d 2 sp 3 hybridization..

Protoplast Culture - Protoplast is a cell without cell wall. In plants, the cells are invariably surrounded by thick cell wall made of cellulose and pectin. During the process of tissue culture and using it for crop improvement, cell wall acts as a barrier to induce mutations or some times to devel..

Question: Which of the following is not a step of plant breeding? 1. Introduction 2. Cultivation 3. Selection 4. Hybridization Answer: ..