ice crystals

In molecular crystals, the constituent particles are molecules. These molecules are held together by weak forces known as Van der Waal's forces. Common examples are dry ice, wax, iodine, sulphur, etc. Characteristic features of molecular crystals are: Molecular ..

>As a result of tetrahedral arrangement of H 2 O molecules in the solid state, the ice structure extends in three dimensions. Further the molecules of H 2 O are not packed closely as hydrogen bonds between oxygen and H atoms are longer than covalent bonds between them. This results in vac..

A solid has certain characteristics: According to modern theory, the molecules of a solid are fixed in relation to each other. They vibrate in place, but do not wander around. This accounts for the fact that a solid keeps its own shape. Solids are usually crystalline. A solid is a crystalline subst..

3 COOH) It is the main constituent of vinegar and is obtained by fermentation of molasses in the presence of air. Industrially, it is obtained by oxidation of ethanol with air in the presence of cobalt acetate catalyst. Ethanoic acid a colorless liquid with a pungent odor boils at 391 K...

Following are the chief uses of ammonia: 1) Ammonia is used in the industrial preparation of nitric acid by Ostwald's process. 2) Fertilisers, such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, urea etc. are manufactured with the help of ammonia. 3) It is used in the manufacture of ot..

Water is a compound containing the elements of hydrogen and oxygen combined chemically in the ratio of 2:1. The 3 states of water i.e., ice, water and water vapour are interconvertible by heating or cooling. Water contains dissolved air and minerals which are responsible for its t..