introduction to modern solid state physics

Lasers-An Introduction - The laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. The laser has been invented and developed in 1959 and 1960. In the laser, the maser principle has been extended to optical or visible light frequencies of 10 1 4 to 10 1 5 cycle/s..

A solid has certain characteristics: According to modern theory, the molecules of a solid are fixed in relation to each other. They vibrate in place, but do not wander around. This accounts for the fact that a solid keeps its own shape. Solids are u..

Introduction - You have learnt in the earlier chapters that flow of electrons constitutes an electric current and current can be generated from a battery or a generator. Scientists later discovered that there are many other ways of producing the stream of electrons. This knowledge has led..

The cells discussed above use a liquid electrolyte, one cathode and an anode. Some of the major disadvantages of these cells are leakage on long term storage, corrosion due to the use of liquid acidic/alkaline solution, short life, low weightage per kg mass of the cell and limit on miniaturization...

Humans have always been curious about the world around them. The world has an astonishing variety of materials and bewildering diversity of life and behaviour. The inquiring and imaginative human mind has responded to the wonder and awe of nature in different ways. This human endeavour led, i..

Humans have always been curious about the world around them. The world has an astonishing variety of materials and bewildering diversity of life and behaviour. The inquiring and imaginative human mind has responded to the wonder and awe of nature in different ways. This human endeavour led, in cour..

In the chapter on current electricity, we had learnt about the flow of charges, conditions to produce the flow and how different materials respond to an external electric field. We had seen how materials are classified as conductors and insulators. In this chapter, we will study a new type of mater..

We have learnt that a force changes or tends to change the state of rest, speed or direction of motion of an object, i.e., the force produces an acceleration. In this chapter, we are going to identify one of the forces which produces acceleration in all objects on the surface of the Earth..

We heat raw food to soften it. We freeze water into ice by cooling it in refrigerator. When we boil water in a kettle we observe the steam oozing from the mouth of the kettle. When the cork is difficult to remove, we slightly heat the mouth of the bottle, so that the cork comes out easily. Through ..

Oscillatory motion, or periodic motion, is the most common type of motion. Heartbeat of animals, the seasons of the year, the swinging of the pendulum of a clock and the vibrations of atoms in solids are periodic in nature. Two types of motion that are closely associated with oscillatory ..