introduction to set theory mathematics


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Whole numbers
The set of whole numbers is the set of natural numbers along with zero. so W = the set of whole numbers = 0,1,2,3,............ so Zero is the least number of the set of Whole numbers. As the whole numbers is an infinite set we cant determine t..
Ratio and Proportion II
Introduction - This chapter takes us much further and adds to our already existing knowledge about Ratio and Proportion. We will have to use many of the algebraic manipulations learnt earlier, use them with expertise to solve problems in this chapte..
Alternate Definition:
Difference of two sets A and B, A - B is a set whose elements belong to A but not to B. A - B is called the relative complement of B w.r.t. ..
Example:
If A is a set of all positive factors of 36, then in Set builder method it is written as A = {x : x is a factor of 36, x ..
Example:
In plane geometry, the universal set consists of all points in a plan..
Indices and Laws of Indices
Introduction - If m is a positive integer, a x a x a . m times is written as a m . a is called the base and m is the power. We read it as "a raised to the power m". The power is also called "the index" or "the exponent..
Definition:
If A and B are any two sets then the relative complement of B in A is the set of all elements in A which are not in B. It is denoted by A - B..
Some Results of Subsets
Prove that Null Set is the subset of every set Every set A is a subset of universal set U since, by definition all elements of A belong to U. Also the null set f A. The null set f is a subset of every set, ..
Proof:
Every set A is a subset of universal set U since, by definition all elements of A belong to U. Also the null set f A..
Question 2
Question: List the elements of the following sets and specify whether they are finite or infinite: Answer: (i) Since there is no natural number lying between 2 and 3, the set is a null set i.e. f . This is a finite set. (i) Since there ar..
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