modern atomic theory energy levels

Modern Atomic Theory - In view of new discoveries about atoms, Dalton's atomic theory was modified as given below: Atom is no longer indivisible as it has a complex structure of sub atomic particles (electrons, protons ..

In view of new discoveries about atoms, Dalton's atomic theory was modified as given below: * Atom is no longer indivisible as it has a complex structure of sub atomic particles (electrons, protons and neutrons). * Atoms of..

Even though the laws of friction have been understood since a long time, some properties were understood properly, only after the discovery of atoms and molecules. No matter how well polished two surfaces are, at the atomic level they are never plane. Sometimes, when ..

Niels Bohr suggested that the problem about hydrogen spectrum can be solved if we can make some assumptions. According to classical theory, the frequency of the electromagnetic waves emitted by a revolving electron is equal to the frequency of revolution. As the electrons radiate ene..

The relative energies of various orbitals of single electrons depend on the value of the principal quantum number 'n' and is independent of the value of 'l'. This can be shown by an arrangement known as energy level diagram. The diagram given below illustrates th..

Energy Level Diagram for Molecular Orbitals - The relative energies of molecular orbitals depend upon the following two factors: (i) the energies of the atomic orbitals combining to form molecular orbitals. (ii) the extent of overlapping between the..

. As a result, a large number of energy levels are crowded together into 'bands'. Because of these energy bands, the molecular orbital theory of metals is also known as band theory. As an illustration the bonding in sodium metal can be studied. Imag..

Transition State Theory - According to this theory, the reactant molecules must come together to form an arrangement of atoms/molecules that facilitates the formation of products. This arrangement of the reacting species is called the transition state. A simple way of ..

>When a nucleus emits radiation it is said to decay. Rays from radioactive isotopes are dangerous to living things but are also useful in variety of ways. Exposure to large amounts of radiation is harmful to health. All radioactive materials should always be handled with care and kept inside lead b..

. In 1793, he left for Manchester to teach physics and chemistry in a college. In 1801, he observed and discovered the law of expansion of gases on heating. He also enunciated the law of partial pressures and found methods of determining vapour pressure of gases. He invented the dew point hygromete..