npn transistor operation switching

To study the transistor characteristics a transistor is either operated in common emitter configuration or in common base configuration. Let us take an npn transistor operated on common emitter mode. As discussed earlier a transis..

For proper working of a transistor, emitter base junction should be forward biased and CB junction should be reverse biase..

Junction Transistor - It is a semiconductor device having two junctions and three terminals. The two types of transistors are p-n-p transistor and n-p-n junction transistors. A p-n-p transistor is obtained by sandwiching a n-type semicondu..

The V E E supply is used to forward bias emitter base junction. As a result significant current flows, once the potential barrier is exceeded. The majority charge carriers diffuse from emitter into base and this results in emitter current I E as indicated in the above diagram. Once these reach the ..

Application to Switching Circuits - The application of Boolean algebra to electronic devices such as computers, lies in the restriction of the variable to two possible condition 'On and Off' or 'True or False' or numerically '1 or 0'. The electric circuits carry out the Boolean logic. In ..

Let us refer to a circuit consisting of two switches p and q connected in series with a lamp and battery as shown in figure. The lamp will glow, only if switch p and switch q are closed. If we replace the word 'closed' by T and 'open' by F, the switch will..

Inducible operon system consists of structural genes (cistrons), operator gene can either switch on or switch off the structural genes by allowing or not allowing RNA polymerase molecules found attached to promoter gen..

Introduction - We are already familiar with set theory and mathematical logic from earlier classes. It has already been seen that there is a similarity between the laws stated in set theory and the mathematical logic. The operations 'union', 'intersection' and 'complement' on sets are com..

LPG cylinder valve and the knob of the stove must be closed properly when not in use. Open flames, electric/kerosene stoves must not be used near an LPG cylinder. Rubber pipe connecting the cylinder and the stove must be regularly checked for any wear and tear. When a leakage (foul smell..

Protein synthesis is a controlled process in which a given protein is synthesised in the cell only when it is necessary. When a particular protein is to be synthesised the specific gene has to express and initiate transcription. The mechanism that stimulates the expression of certain genes ..