of colligative properties colligative properties

Colligative Properties - Certain properties of solutions depend only on the number of particles of the solute (molecule or ions) present in definite volume of the solution and do not depend on the nature of solute. Such properties are called colligativeh..

In colloidal systems the number of colloidal particles per litre of the sol is relatively much smaller than solute particles in a true solution. Colloidal particles are aggregates of simple molecules and colligative properties such elevation in boiling point, depression in freez..

Colloidal particles have high average molecular masses. Therefore the mole fraction of the dispersed phase is very low. Hence, in colloidal solutions the relative lowering of vapor pressure, elevation in boiling point, depression in freezing point and osmotic pressure is very low. However, osmotic..

The excess pressure that must be applied to the solution/conc.solution to prevent osmosis. fig 3.11 - Principle of measuring osmotic pressure fig 3.12 If two solutions of identical composition but different concentration are separated by a semi permeable membrane (one that permits only the solvent ..

The excess pressure that must be applied to the solution/conc.solution to prevent osmosi..

Freezing point of a substance is defined as the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the solid form is in equilibrium with liquid form of the substance. In other words, solid and liquid forms of the substance has same vapor pressure. fig 3.10 The curves AB, BC, and A'B' are the vapor pressure..

Sodium hydroxide is a white deliquescent solid having melting point at 591 K (318°C) It is stable towards heat It is highly soluble in water and considerable amount of heat is evolved due to the formation of a number of hydrates e.g., NaOH.H 2 O, NaOH.2H 2 O. It is also soluble in alcohol ..

1. It is a pale yellow powder. It has strong smell of chlorine. It is soluble in water but a clear solution is never formed due to the presence of impurities. 2. On long standing it undergoes auto-oxidation into calcium chlorate and calcium chloride. 4. On account of the formation of nascent o..

Some of the synthetic detergents have very low biodegradability. They are resistant to bacterial attack and are not fully degraded in sewage treatment units. Therefore, they cause water pollution when they are discharged into a river or any other water body. Phosphate salts present in synthetic de..