open line communication

Propagation of EM Waves in Atmosphere - In an Earth environment, electromagnetic waves propagate in ways that depend not only on their own properties but also on those of the environment itself. Since the various methods of propagation depend largely on frequency therefore the complete electromagne..

) use a similar mechanism. In the case of intercontinental telecommunication, two or more satellites are linked together. High frequency radio and submarine cable systems have been widely used for long- distance overseas telecommunications. The high frequency band from 3 MHz to 30 MHz has provided ..

Wave propagation in unbounded medi..

>(iii) Immunity to electromagnetic interference, which is an inherent characteristic of an optical fiber viewed as a dielectric wave guide. (iv) Small size and weight, characterized by a diameter, which is no greater than that of a human hair. (v) Ruggedness and flexibility, exemplified by very hig..

The Open Hearth Process - A mixture of cast iron, scrap iron, iron ore (haematite) and lime is melted in an Open Hearth Furnace. The hearth is lined with silica (SiO 2 ) or calcined dolomite (CaO.MgO) based on whether the impurities present in cast iron. If the impurit..

Telephone Lines - The transmission lines used in telephony are of two kinds: open- wire and cable. The open-wire lines are gradually being superseded by cable construction, either overhead or underground, for two principal reasons. In the first plac..

When we apply the force the door turns on its hinges. Thus a turning effect is produced when we try to open the door. Have you ever tried to do so by applying the force near the hinge? In the first case, we are able to open the door with ease. In the second case, we have to app..

These are commonly used in power distribution (at low frequencies) and in communications (at high frequencies). Biodiversity is most simply defined as the variety of life and its processes. A transmission line may be defined as a device for transmitting or guiding energy from o..

In what direction does the graph of y = x 2 open? => parabola is a straight line or parabola opens up or parabola opens down or parabola does not open..

In what direction does the graph of y = x 2 open? => Up or Down or Straight line or None..