organic nitrates

Sodium extract (or Lassaigne's extract) is boiled with dilute nitric acid to decompose sodium cyanide or sodium sulphide (if present) to hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulphide gases, respectively. This solution is cooled and silver nitrate solution added. A white precipitate soluble in a..

Iodo alkanes on treatment with alcoholic AgNO 2 gives 80% of nitroalkanes and 20% alkyl nitrites...

. The presence of substitutents in the aromatic ring effects the acid strength of phenols. Election withdrawing groups in ortho and para positions increase acid strength and electron - releasing groups decrease it. Alcohols undergo nucleophilic substitution with hydrogen halides to yield alkyl hali..

Detection of Halogens - The presence of halogens in any organic compound is detected by using sodium extract (Lassaigne's extract) with silver nitrate as follow..

i) Vapour phase nitration of alkanes - Hydrocarbons when heated with forming nitric acid at 693 - 793 K, are converted to nitro alkenes. Nitration of methane end lower members can be carried out by this nitration techniqu..

Amines being basic react with acids to form salts. ..

The nitrogen cycle is complex as it depends on the activities of various bacteria. Nitrate in the soil is built up by plants into protein which is then passed on to animals, which eat the plants. The nitrogen from the protein is returned to the environment as ammonia (ammonification), eit..

Electrophilic Substitution - The nitro group strongly deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution. Nitro group is electron withdrawing group and thus causes electron deficiency at ortho and para positrons as is clear from the resonating structures of nitro benzen..

Oxygen is the most abundant of all elements in the crust of the earth. It is present in sand and rocks in the form of silicon dioxide, and in most of the common compounds like oxides, carbonates, nitrates, etc. It is also present in air, water and land as organic compounds like ..

The process is the transformation of gaseous nitrogen into nitrates by living organisms. Biological nitrogen fixation occurs by: a) Symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is brought about by certain bacteria such as: i) Rhizobium species in the root nodules of legumes (pea family) ..