organisms that metabolize organic molecules produced by other organisms

Two or more individuals with identical genetic make up formed from one parent by asexual reproduction are called clones. For example, daughter plants produced by strawberry runners and whole plants produced by tissue culture are clones. Similarly, the individuals formed by..

Formation of large molecules (polymers) such as proteins, nucleic acids and starch Bonding characteristics of carbon, simple hydrocarbons, complex polymers and biological molecules Amino acids as building blocks of proteins System for naming the ten simplest linear hydroc..

Rate of reaction Formation of large molecules (polymers) such as proteins, nucleic acids and starch Bonding characteristics of carbon, simple hydrocarbons, complex polymers and biological molecules Amino acids as building blocks of proteins System for naming the ten sim..

fig. 25.8 Worlds first cloned cat called CC (Calico Cat) seen with her surrogate mother Allie Ian Wilmut and co-workers produced in 1997, the worlds first clone of an adult sheep at Edinburgh's Roslin institute. The clone of a sheep was created from a single cell taken from the udder of a..

Organ transplantation has become a therapeutic modality to treat patients with end - stage disease. While many types of organs have been successfully transplanted, the histocompatibility barrier between recipient and donor remains a problem. It activates immune responses leading..

The different types of cells in the body of a multicellular organism are specialised for different functions. Yet, we see an autonomy in the cells in carrying out some of the fundamental biological processes such as respiration, utilisation of food energy, synthesis of macromolecules, eli..

All living organisms are composed of structural and functional units called cells. The body of a living organism may be composed of a single cell - as in unicellular organisms or many cells - as in multicellular organisms. The number of cells in the body of ..

Many industrial organic acids can be manufactured from large scale culture of microbes. Acetic acid is produced by bacterial fermentation of ethyl alcohol by Acetobacter bacilli. Lactic acid is produced by bacterial fermentation of lactose by Streptococcus lactii Citri..

As the earth cooled further, the primitive inorganic molecules interacted and combined with one another to form simple organic compounds. Simple sugars, fatty acids, glycerol, amino acids and nitrogen bases (purines and pyrimidines) were probably the simple organic com..

Summary - The cells of all living organisms consist of protoplasm, which is bound by a cell membrane. Prokaryotic cells and cells of algae, fungi and higher plants contain a cell wall outside the cell membrane. Some protozoans cells show the presence of a cell coat outside the cell membra..