pa state school system

The condition of the system when its macroscopic properties have definite measurable values, is the state of a system. If any of the macroscopic properties of the system changes such as its temperature, pressure etc., the state of the system..

State of the system implies the conditions of its existence. In order to understand it, let H 2 O be considered as a chemical system. H 2 O can exist in three physical states; ice, water and steam depending upon the conditions of temperature and pressure. For..

A measurable property required to describe the state of a system is called state variable. For example, temperature (T), pressure (P), volume (V) etc. are the state variables. For any system, a certain minimum number of variables are sufficien..

'A specified part of the universe which is under investigation is called the system'. The system is separated from the rest of the universe by a definite (real or imaginary) boundar..

Any system where there is a constant exchange of matter and energy from the surrounding environment is called as open system. All living organisms represent open systems. Any state of a system where the rate of input of energy and matter is equal..

Isothermal process is that in which the temperature of the system remains constant. Adiabatic process is where there is no exchange of heat between the system and the surrounding. Isobaric process is when the pressure on the system remains constant during any operatio..

A solid possesses a definite size (volume) and a definite shape under ordinary conditions; and tends to maintain these even under deforming conditions. The substances in solids are closely packed and bound by strong inter particle attraction, making them rigid and geometrical. Some common exa..

A gas neither possesses a definite volume nor a definite shape. The substances in a gas have particles that are separated by great distance, having virtually no force of attraction between them. A gas occupies the whole of the volume of the vessel in which it is placed. It also takes up the s..

A solid state cell Some electrolyte is also mixed in the cathode or anode to decrease polarization. Many solid state materials for use as cathode, anode and electrolyte have been recently developed. Some of the Li + batteries used in mobile phones are based on solid electro..

According to this theory, the reactant molecules must come together to form an arrangement of atoms/molecules that facilitates the formation of products. This arrangement of the reacting species is called the transition state. A simple way of visualizing the concept of the transition ..