problems involving heat flow and temperature changes

Effect of Temperature and Pressure on States of Matter - When we heat a solid, we add energy to the system increasing the vibration of the particles. Eventually these particles break free from their binding forces and melt. The normal melting point of a crystal is the tempe..

. At pressure and temperature corresponding to any point below the vaporization line, a substance exists in vapor phase. When a certain amount of heat per unit mass, called the latent heat of vaporization is given to a substance, it crosses the vaporization line t some..

Since chemical changes are always accompanied by energy changes, it indicates that reactants and products must be having certain amounts of energy. A fixed quantity of any substance is associated with a definite amount of energy, which depends upon chemical nature of the substan..

We have learnt that of D G is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It can be shown that the free energy of a process is equal to maximum possible work that can be derived from the process as given below: From first law of thermodynamics, it is known that D E = q + w, where q is the ..

Every substance has a definite value of enthalpy in a particular state. Like internal energy, the absolute value of enthalpy cannot be measured. However, the change in enthalpy accompanying a process can be determined as the difference between the enthalpies of the products and the react..

The calorimeter is kept open to the atmosphere in the determination of change in enthalpy of a reaction. The calorimeter is immersed in an insulated water bath fitted with stirrer and thermometer. The temperature of the bath is recorded in the beginning and after the end of the ..

Calorimetry - Calorimetry is the measurement of the amount of heat evolved or absorbed in a chemical reaction, change of state, or formation of a solution. We know that heat flows from a hot substance to a cold substance. In Calorimetry, a hot substance and a..

Different living organisms tide over very low or very high temperature conditions differently. For E.g., i) Encystment It involves the formation of a hard and chitinous protective coat called cyst, around the body. It is commonly seen in amoeba, euglena. ii) Hibernation (winter ..

The heat changes in chemical reactions are measured with the help of calorimeters. Depending upon the requirements of experiments different types of calorimeters are used. In general, reactions taking place at constant volume and involving gases are carried out in a cl..

>A chemical equation is balanced so that the numbers of atoms of each type involved in a chemical reaction are the same on the reactant and product sides of the equation Equations must always be balanced. Equations are balanced by the hit and trial method. The rate of a chemical reaction ..