properties of natural and manufactured materials

Limestone and clay are first crushed separately. They are then mixed together in the required quantities and ground together finely. This grinding can be done either by the dry or the wet process. Wet process is suitable if limestone and clay are soft. If the raw materials are hard, dry p..

In 1924, de Broglie's suggested that all material objects including an electron have a dual character; they behave as particles as well as waves. The wavelength associated with a particle of mass 'm', moving with velocity 'v' is given by de Broglie's relation as: The discovery of the w..

Michael Faraday discovered that a specimen of bismuth was repelled by a strong magnet. Diamagnetism occurs in all materials. These materials are those in which individual atoms do not possess any net magnetic momen..

Matter and Materials - Matter exists in several phases. If we look at all objects around us, we perceive that some materials have a definite shape and occupy a definite amount of space or volume. We call these materials solids and we can name many objects that are soli..

Limestone and clay are the chief raw materials used in the manufacture of Portland cement. Limestone provides calcium oxide. Clay gives silica, alumina and ferric oxide. Note: If lime is in excess, the cement cracks during setting and if it is less, the cement is w..

(e.g., O 2 , Cu 2 + , Fe 3 + ) are attracted by a magnetic field but lose their magnetism in the absence of the magnetic field. This property is shown by those substances whose atoms, ions or molecules contain unpaired electron..

The most important property of natural rubber is its elasticity. When stretched, it expands and attains its original state, when released. This is due to its coil-like structure. The molecules straighten out when stretched and when released, they coil up again. Therefore a..

Crude rubber is a tough and elastic solid. It becomes soft and sticky as the temperature rises. Its specific gravity is 0.915. The most important property of natural rubber is its elasticity. When stretched, it expands and attains its original state, when released. This ..

Manufacture of Chlorine - The industrial production of chlorine is carried out by electrolysis of natural brines or concentrated aqueous solutions of NaCl. Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen are the byproduct..

The steps in ceramic manufacturing are: Preparing raw materials Moulding to acquire the desired shape Drying and firing Finishin..