quantum measurement theory

Significant Figures and Measuring Instruments - Let us consider the following entries in a Students' Journal: (a) Weight of a calorimeter = 42 g (measuring instrument used is spring balance) The smallest reading the spring balance can record is 1g. There are 42 of 1 g units of h..

The number of significant figures depends on the instrument used and accuracy required. It is wrong to record diameter as 2 cm. It means the reading is approximated to the nearest 1 cm. If the exact reading is 2 cm then it should be recorded as 2.0 cm. The significant figures expr..

Introduction - We use specific number of digits to denote an exact value of a number for required accuracy. The digits used for such a purpose are called significant figures. Suppose a measurement is recorded as 0.6204 cm. It means that the measurement was made correct to the ne..

Although the Lewis structures give an idea of the valence electrons around the atom, in reality it does not precisely locate the position of the electrons in the chemical bond. The behaviour of electrons in molecules and compounds is made by the valence bond theory in terms of the h..

Although the Lewis structures give an idea of the valence electrons around the atom, in reality it does not precisely locate the position of the electrons in the chemical bond. The behaviour of electrons in molecules and compounds is made by the valence bond theory in terms of the qu..

In 1900, Max Planck presented the results of his famous black body radiation experiments, which showed that light has a dual character, behaving like a particle as well as a wave. He gave the Quantum Theory of Radiation explaining electromagnetic radiation and energy. Its main..

Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom - Two new theories came to substantially modify Bohr's Atomic model. They a..

Summary - Physics is a branch of science that deals with the nature and natural phenomena. The study of physics finds great importance in our day-to-day life. The laws, formulae and calculations of physics are not merely things to be remembered from the point of view of exams, but their knowledge i..

The development of chemistry is based upon the systematic approach of the scientists in carrying out different experiments. Scientific theories, inferences and generalizations are made on the observations recorded. The quantitative information involves the measurement of one or ..

In 1913, Neils Bohr proposed a model of an atom based on the Planck's quantum theory of radiation. The basic postulates of Bohr's theory are: * An atom consists of a small, heavily positively charged nucleus around which electrons revolve in definite circula..