quantum theory of covalent bond

A single bond consists of one pair of shared electrons. In other words, it is formed by sharing one pair of electrons or two electrons between the atoms, each atom contributing one electron to the bond..

The orbital overlap - The sharing of orbitals between two atoms is possible only when the atoms are close enough to overlap their orbitals. Thus, orbital overlap is necessary for the sharing of electrons and bond formation. With the orbitals coming close together, there is an increase in ..

Drawbacks of Valence Bond Theory - 1) It is a qualitative approach describing bonding in coordination compounds. 2) The theory fails to explain the optical absorption spectra and magnetic properties of coordination compounds. 3) The theory does not ..

1) It is a qualitative approach describing bonding in coordination compounds. 2) The theory fails to explain the optical absorption spectra and magnetic properties of coordination compounds. 3) The theory does not provide an answer to the origin of characteristic color..

Main Postulates - I) The metal ligand bond arises by donation of pair of electrons by ligands to the central metal atom. II) To accommodate these electrons the metal ion must possess requisite number of vacant orbitals of equal energy. These orbitals of the metal atom undergo hybridisatio..

In 1900, Max Planck presented the results of his famous black body radiation experiments, which showed that light has a dual character, behaving like a particle as well as a wave. He gave the Quantum Theory of Radiation explaining electromagnetic radiation and energy. Its main..

Factors Favouring the Formation of a Covalent Bond - The following factors favour the formation of covalent bonds..

When a covalent bond is formed between two atoms of the same element, the shared electron pair will lie exactly midway between the two atoms i.e. the electrons are equally shared by the atoms. The resulting molecule will be electrically symmetrical i.e., centre of the negative ..

High ionisation energy Elements that have higher ionisation energies cannot form ionic bonds, as they cannot lose electrons easily. Instead, they acquire stability by mutual sharing of electrons, and therefore form covalent bonds..

Polar and Non-Polar Covalent Bonds - Covalent bonds may be non-polar or polar in natu..