reactivity of aryl halides

The reactivity of haloarenes is markedly affected by the presence of certain groups at certain positions of the ring. The presence of electron withdrawing groups such as -NO 2 , -CN, -COOH, etc. at 'o' and 'p' positions to the halogen atom, greatly activates the halogen towards nucleop..

Preparation of haloarenes - Preparative methods of haloarenes ar..

. The above reactions involve nucleophilic substitution process. Hence this method is not suitable for preparing aryl cyanides because aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactio..

. The reaction is a typical example of nucleophilic substitution reaction. Here the ammonia molecules in the first step and the amine molecules in the subsequent steps act as nucleophile..

Members of group VA form hydrides, halides and oxy-acids. For example: Hydrides..

Trends in Chemical Reactivity - Some important group trends are: (a) On account of high ionization enthalpies, simple M 4 + ions of the group are not known. (b) Unlike carbon the other elements of the group form compounds having coordination numbers higher than 4 like (SiF 5 ) - , (SiF 6 ..

The solution of freshly prepared aromatic diazonium salt on reaction with cuprous chloride on cuprous bromide gives corresponding aryl chloride or aryl bromide. This reaction is called sand maeyer reaction. The arylchlorides or bromides can also be prepared by Gattermann re..

Acyl halides undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution with several nucleophiles. i) They react with water to give carboxylic acids. This is called hydrolysis. ..

There is delocalisation of electrons in haloarenes due to resonance. For example, chlorobenzene is considered to be a resonance hybrid of the following structures:..

The general formula of Haloalkane (CnH 2 n + 1 - X) or Haloarene is 'RX' where R - is an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br or I). The halogen derived hydrocarbons are a highly reactive class of compounds. The reactivity is due to the presence of po..