reference point

Rectangular axes - The position of a point in a plane is fixed by selecting two axes of reference which are formed by combining two number lines at right angles so that their zeros coincide. The horizontal number line is called x-axis and the vertical number line is called y-axi..

It is a complex process and involves the participation of over a dozen enzymes and other protein factors. The intertwined DNA starts separating from a particular point and this is known as the origin of replication. The second step is that the two strands of DNA separate, before each serv..

A vector which gives the position of a point with reference to the origin of the coordinate system is called position vector. The figure above illustrates the position vector of a particle moving in the X-Y plane. Let the particle be at P at any instant of time. Then,..

Bonding in Co-ordination Compounds - The first theory was called the Werner's theory of co-ordination compounds. 1) Metals possess two types of valencies: a) Primary valency or ionizable valency. It is also referred to oxidation state. b) Secondary valency which a metal atom or cation exe..

Imagine you are travelling in a moving train. Do you observe any change in your position with respect to your co-passengers? Is there any change of scene you view through the window? The change of scene indicates that the train is moving. That is, an object is said to be in motion if it changes its..

? The displacement is again 15000 m but from B to A. Thus, displacement is the shortest distance covered by a moving object from the point of reference (initial position of the body), in a specified direction. But the displacement when the bus moves from A B and then from B A is..

Substances whose constituents are not arranged in an orderly manner are called amorphous solids. They are also called pseudo solids and differ from crystalline solids in many respects. The common examples of amorphous solids are glass, rubber, fused silica, plastics, etc. They have the following ..

Glass - Any amorphous and transparent solid that is a product of the solidification of a liquid is called glass. However, glass is generally referred to as the transparent substance obtained when white sand is fused with oxides and carbonates of alkaline earth metals and the molten mixtur..

It is not possible to measure the absolute potential of a single electrode because neither the oxidation nor the reduction reaction can occur by itself. Also, we need two electrodes to measure the potential difference between two points. This difficulty can be solved selecting one of the ..

Motion: Whenever a body changes its position continuously with respect to the position of other bodies around it then it is said to be in motion. Rest: An object which does not change its position with respect to its surroundings is said to be at rest. Distance: It is the actual length of t..