resonance in nitrobenzene


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Electrophilic Substitution
resonating structures of nitro benzene The nitro group strongly deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution. Nitro group is electron withdrawing group and thus causes electron deficiency at ortho and para positrons as is clear from the resonating structures of nitro benzen..
Directive influence in arenes
nitration of benzoic acid Toluene o-Nitrotoluene p-Nitrotoluene These groups (except halogens) increase the electron density at the ring through resonance effect. Thus the reactivity of benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions increases. The substituents or groups which direct the incoming group t..
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