two line communication

This type of wave propagation is said to be unguided. The uniform plane wave exists throughout all space. The electromagnetic energy associated with the wave spreads over a wide are..

Propagation of EM Waves in Atmosphere - In an Earth environment, electromagnetic waves propagate in ways that depend not only on their own properties but also on those of the environment itself. Since the various methods of propagation depend largely on frequency therefore the complete electromagne..

) use a similar mechanism. In the case of intercontinental telecommunication, two or more satellites are linked together. High frequency radio and submarine cable systems have been widely used for long- distance overseas telecommunications. The high frequency band from 3 MHz to 30 MHz has..

>(iii) Immunity to electromagnetic interference, which is an inherent characteristic of an optical fiber viewed as a dielectric wave guide. (iv) Small size and weight, characterized by a diameter, which is no greater than that of a human hair. (v) Ruggedness and flexibility, exemplified by very hig..

Communication satellites are normally geostationary satellites. They have devices called transponder which receive signals from an earth station and transmit them in different directions. The signals in the form of electromagnetic radiation are transmitted from the earth station and these..

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