types of antibodies

Organ Transplants and Antibodies - Organ transplantation is defined as the transfer of organs (like kidneys, heart liver etc) from one person to another. An organ transplant always involves a donor - who donates an organ and a recipient - who receives the organ. For an organ transplantati..

The first time a person gets an infection, he is likely to develop the disease because the antibody production is slow and the virus has time to multiply and spread throughout the body. The cells capable of producing antibodies persist in the body as memory cells for a long tim..

This is common for most type of infection. It controls infection by blocking the entry of pathogens into the body or by destroying the microbes through means other than antibodies. The non-specific defence mechanism is further of two types a) External defence or first..

There are four types of blood among the humans. These are called the blood groups . The blood groups are classified based on the presence or absence of certain proteins and antibodies. In human blood, the membranes of the Red blood Corpuscle have certain proteins called the a..

It is known as Adaptive or Specific immunity. Non-specific immunity is not specifically directed against a particular microbe. Specific immunity involves the production of a specific type of cell or specific molecule (antibody) to destroy a particular antigen. It is capable of r..

, a German Biochemist, discovered the ABO blood grouping. ABO blood groups are determined by the gene I (for Isoagglutinin). There are 3 alleles, I A , I B and I o of this gene. Proteins produced by the I A and I B alleles are known as A and B antigens respectively. Individuals with blood grou..

) Antibodies consist of heavy and light chains and variable and constant portions. 11) Acquired immunity is of 2 types namely Active and passive immunity. 12) Cellular immunity refers to destruction of antigens by T-cells and humoral immunity refers to destruction of antigens by..

Organ transplantation has become a therapeutic modality to treat patients with end - stage disease. While many types of organs have been successfully transplanted, the histocompatibility barrier between recipient and donor remains a problem. It activates immune responses leading to graft ..

or B lymphocytes. T cells are responsible for cellular immunity. B cells provide humoral immunity. Both the types are produced in bone marrow . The process of their production is called Haematopoiesis . Some immature lymphocytes first migrate to the thymus gland, where they mature to b..

>The fluid in the spaces between tissue cells is called the interstitial fluid which passes into lymph vessels to form a fluid called lymph. Lymph finally passes from the lymph vessels to the venous blood. The body has two lines of defence a non-specific mechanism and a specific mechanism. Skin and..