valency of p

Cause of Periodicity of Elements - The modern periodic table is based on the electronic configuration of the elements. The properties of an element are determined largely by the electrons in its outermost or valence shell. Valence electrons interact with other atoms and take par..

It is the reluctance of s-electrons of the valence shell to participate in bonding. This effect becomes more pronounced towards the bottom of each group of the p-block element..

A hydrogen atom has only one electron in its valence shell. It needs one more electron to fill its valence shell. The completed shell has the electronic arrangement of the noble gas helium, yet an octet is not completed. However we still get a stable molecul..

Metals are the elements which form positive ions by losing electrons, while non-metals always gain electrons. All metals (except hydrogen) form positive ions by loosing electrons. Metals have 1 to 3 electrons in the outermost shell of their atom and non-metals have 4 to 8 electrons in the out..

All the elements belonging to I B, II B, III B, IV B, V B, VI B, VII B, VIII B are called transition elements. They resemble each other in several physical and chemical properties. They are all metals. They are called transition elements because they are placed between the most reactive metals on ..

Representative elements are those elements whose inner shells are complete and whose outer shell (valency shell) has 1 to 7 electron..

Energy band of a solid is the large number of energy levels confined in a small region of energy range of a given solid, constitute what is known as energy bands. In some solids, there is an energy gap in between the energy bands. This energy gap is called forbidden gap. The energy band above t..

The electrons in the valence band are not capable of gaining energy from external electric field and hence do not contribute to the current. This band is never empty but may be partially or completely with electrons. On the contrary in the conduction band, electrons are rarely present. B..

1. The properties of an element in the periodic table mainly depend on its outer electronic configuration, except in the case of transition elements. 2. Each period begins with an element having only one electron in the valence shell and ends with an element in which the valence..

Here the valency bands are completely filled and conduction band is empty and the forbidden gap is quite large. For example in diamond E g a p is 6eV. Even if an electric field is applied, no electron is able to go from valence band to conduction ban..