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# How to Calculate Percentage?

Percent defines how a value is related to every hundred. It expresses a number as a part of hundred. Percentage of a number is expressed as the product of 100 and ratio of the number and total amount. This can be represented in the following way:

We can also define percent as
p % =  $\frac{p}{100}$Here, we shall learn how to calculate simple percentage.

If we have to calculate percent fraction of a number, for example p % of  x, then we simply remove percent (%) symbol and put 100 in denominator and replace the word "of" by multiplication (X) sign.

p % of  x = $\frac{p}{100}$$\times x Let us see few examples demonstrating how to solve problems related to percentages. Example 1: Calculate 20% of 500. Solution: 20% of 500 = \frac{20}{100}$$\times 500$

= $20 \times 5$
= 100

Example 2:

15% of a number is 480. Find the number.

Solution:

Let the number be x.
According to the question:
15% of x = 480

$\frac{15}{100}$$\times x = 480 x = \frac{480 \times 100}{15} x = 3200 Example 3: The cost marked on a commodity was \$$20. At the time of purchase of that commodity, sales tax was applied on it. The total bill came out to be$\$$22. Calculate the percent sales tax. Solution: Sales tax = 22 - 20 = \$$2

Let the percent sales tax be x % which is applied on $\$$20. Then, 2 = x \times$$\frac{20}{100}$

x = $\frac{2 \times 100}{20}$

x = 10%

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